🚀Day 49 - INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ON AWS

Introduction

Amazon Web Services (AWS) has become the backbone of cloud computing, offering a myriad of services to cater to diverse business needs. Navigating the AWS ecosystem requires a deep understanding of various services, tools, and best practices. In this article, we'll explore some key interview questions that will help assess a candidate's proficiency in using AWS.

1. Name 5 AWS services you have used and their use cases.

Answer:

• Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service): Used for scalable object storage, ideal for storing and retrieving any amount of data.

• Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud): Provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud, commonly used for hosting applications.

• Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service): Managed database service for relational databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, etc.

• AWS Lambda: Serverless computing service for running code without provisioning or managing servers.

• Amazon DynamoDB: NoSQL database service, suitable for applications with high read and write throughput requirements.

2. What tools are used to send logs to the cloud environment?

Answer:

• Amazon CloudWatch Logs: Collects and monitors logs, allowing you to centralize logs from various AWS services and custom sources.

• AWS CloudTrail: Records AWS API calls for your account and delivers log files to an Amazon S3 bucket.

3. What are IAM Roles, and how do you create/manage them?

Answer: IAM (Identity and Access Management) roles are AWS identities with permission policies that determine what actions the entities (users or AWS resources) can perform. To create/manage IAM roles:

• Navigate to the IAM console.

• Select "Roles" and click "Create Role."

• Choose the trusted entity type, attach policies, and define role details.

• Manage roles by modifying policies, trust relationships, and permissions.

4. How to upgrade or downgrade a system with zero downtime?

Answer:

• Use Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling: Adjust the desired capacity while maintaining a balance across availability zones.

• Implement Blue-Green Deployments: Launch a new environment (Green) alongside the existing (Blue) and gradually shift traffic.

• Leverage Elastic Load Balancers: Distribute traffic evenly, allowing for seamless transitions.

5. What is Infrastructure as Code (IaC), and how do you use it?

Answer: IaC is the practice of managing and provisioning infrastructure through machine-readable script files. In AWS, tools like AWS CloudFormation and Terraform are used to define and deploy infrastructure. It enhances repeatability, consistency, and version control.

6. What is a load balancer? Provide scenarios for each kind of balancer based on your experience.

Answer: A load balancer distributes incoming network traffic across multiple servers. Scenarios:

• Application Load Balancer (ALB): Routes traffic based on content, ideal for microservices architectures.

• Network Load Balancer (NLB): Handles TCP/UDP traffic, suitable for extreme performance and high availability.

• Classic Load Balancer: Balances HTTP/HTTPS traffic and is suitable for simple applications.

7. What is CloudFormation, and why is it used for?

Answer: AWS CloudFormation is a service that allows you to define and provision AWS infrastructure as code. It enables automated and consistent deployment of resources, ensuring reproducibility and ease of management.

8. Difference between AWS CloudFormation and AWS Elastic Beanstalk?

Answer:

• AWS CloudFormation: Infrastructure as Code service for defining and provisioning AWS infrastructure.

• AWS Elastic Beanstalk: Platform as a Service (PaaS) offering that automates the deployment and management of applications. It abstracts infrastructure details.

9. What kinds of security attacks can occur on the cloud, and how can we minimize them?

Answer:

• DDoS Attacks: Mitigate with AWS Shield, CloudFront, or third-party DDoS protection.

• Data Breaches: Implement encryption, use AWS Key Management Service (KMS), and follow best security practices.

• Unauthorized Access: Use IAM policies, multi-factor authentication, and regularly audit permissions.

10. Can we recover the EC2 instance when we have lost the key?

Answer: Yes, by creating an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) of the EC2 instance and launching a new instance using the AMI with a new key pair.

11. What is a gateway?

Answer: A gateway is a network node that connects different networks, serving as an entry/exit point for data. In AWS, examples include Amazon API Gateway and Amazon VPC Gateway.

12. What is the difference between Amazon RDS, DynamoDB, and Redshift?

Answer:

• Amazon RDS: Managed relational database service.

• DynamoDB: Fully managed NoSQL database service.

• Redshift: Fully managed data warehouse for analytics.

13. Do you prefer to host a website on S3? What's the reason if your answer is either yes or no?

Answer: Yes, for static websites. Amazon S3 provides a cost-effective, scalable, and reliable solution for hosting static content. For dynamic content, combining S3 with AWS services like CloudFront and Lambda@Edge may be preferable.

In conclusion, mastering AWS requires a comprehensive understanding of its services, security practices, and infrastructure management. These interview questions can serve as a guide for assessing a candidate's proficiency in navigating the AWS cloud landscape.

I'm confident that this article will prove to be valuable, helping you discover new insights and learn something enriching .

thank you : )